Centrifugal dust separator



1 l v March 29, 927 C. G. HAWLEY CETRIFUGAL DUST SEPARATOR Fiied May 4, 19:25`

NvENToR Pamesa Mar. 29, 1927.

UNITED STATES CHARLES GILBERT HAWLEY, F

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOB TO CENTRIFIX COR- PORATION, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION' 0F OHIO.

cENirnIFUGAL nUs'r snrannron.

Application med maya, 192,5. serial 110.27335.

My invention relates to dust collectors'or dust catchers with special reference to means for intercepting, collecting and discharging dust particles from a flowing stream of air or gas, for example, as required for prevent-- ing the discharge of dust from cupolas, smokestacksand other furnace outlets.

Primarily the invention embodies and ada ts to such uses the centrifugal separator or uid purifier which appears in-some of my earlier applications.

The present invention will be clearly un derstood onreference to the drawings that form part of this specification, and in which-Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a dust catcher embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section thereof on the line 2-2 of Fig.' 1; Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the device or apparatus in a modified form which includes a top race to supplement the work done at the bottom of the centrifugal element; Fig. 4 vis a compound horizontal section partly on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3, and partly on the line 4ax-:4a thereof, and partly on the line 4b-4b thereof; Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross-section illustrating a preferred method of attaching the tuyere blades one to the other; and Fig. 6 is a vertical section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5;

In Figs. 1, 2 and 3, there is represented the lower and upper sections of a stack. The

gases therein rise in the f direction of the .arrow 4. Between the sections 2 and 3 I interpose the preferably rectangular enla` ged section or casing comprising the'side walls v5, the bottom 6, and the top 7. This casing contains the centrifugal unlt or appa ratus which serves to separate the dust om of slit-like vertical gate area substantially equaling but prefer,y

the rising gases.

The parts 8 are hollow legs rising from the' floor 6 at points outside the stack 2.` These legs support the'disk 9, the peripheral portion of whichrests upon the tops of the legs 8. The disk or bottom 9 has openings ,10 that correspond tov the legs 8. On the part 9 is a low ring 11 which preferably slightly overlaps the openings 10 therein.

Rising from t-he ring 11 is a tall tuyre ring or barrel composed of a .circumferential s'erles of o erativel overlapping tangential tuyrebla es 12. hese present a plurality tuyres 13 of an aggretops of the hollow- The ring of tuyres, as well shown in Figure 1, is of considerably greater diameter than the stack section 3, and at the top the space between these parts is j'closed by a top ringer annular abutmentportion 14. The part' 15 -is a collar that connects the interior of the tuy-re ring with the stack3. 'lhe part 15 may obviously be eliminated by combining the parts 7 and 14. But the structure illustrated is preferred because it better accommodates and permits the independent expansion and contraction of the external casing and the contained centrifugal device. In practice, therefore, the junction between the parts 14 and 15 is a sliding joint 14.

Quite high temperatures are encountered where these devices cupolas and the like, and, in such cases, it seems to be desirable to make the 4tuyre blades 12 of cast iron which best resists the Ihigh temperatures and oxidation. It seems .not to be feasible to make blades of such length in singlepieces, and, therefore, in accordance with my invention each group may comprise two or more sections having sectional) cast metal rings 16.

Most conveniently, the ends of the blades are provided with integral spacing lugs 12". As well shown in Figures 5 and 6, these lugs are made to contain the radial bolts 17 by which succeeding blades are fastened together and to respective parts 11, 16 and 14.

Downspouts or pipes 8 leadfrom the lower ends of the hollow legs 8.

As the structure comprising the parts 5 to 16, inclusive, is usually of too great a weight to be superimposed upon the stack section -2, I arrange for its support by a suitable underframe 17 and suitable vertical columns 18, the latter being shown by dotted lines in Figure 2. y

Angular gas passages are provided within therectangular casing and the dust carrying gases on reaching the externally open `tuyres 13, enter the'tuyre ring tangentially and with such velocities as to set 'up a rapid whirling motion of the gases therein. Such 'subdivision of the flowing stream of gases positions all the dust particles directly adjacent the inner surfaces of the tuyre ring,

are used at the tops of` r their ends joined-by intermediate (and also that is, against the inner sides of the circumferential series of tuyre blades 12. Thedust particles are virtually retained in that position while whirling within the tuyre ring, and, due to the presence of the annular abutment or ring 14, the gases are caused to4 reverse their normal flow toward the stack or outlet 3 and to travel first downward toward the tuyre bottom 9. Coacting at that point the gases whirl upwardly along the axis of the tuyre and thence escape to the stack 3. But meantime the whirling action and the downward motion of the gases causes the collected dust to accumulate at the periphery of the tuyre bottom and there it finds a free gravity discharge through the hollow legs 8 and -down pipes 6. In this manner, and by this simple means I have succeeded in the task of preventing the discharge of, dust from such nstacks.

As will be apparent, the dust is usually collected in a suitable box or trap at the lower ends of the down pipes 6 The construction illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, is vsubstantially identicalwith thatabove described, and acts in the same way,

but contains an added part, and has an addthe lighter particles past the `ring.1f1 and into the stack. To avoid this, difficulty, I add a top race or groove 19 to the centrifugal dust collecting unit. This race is concentric with the tuyre ring 2O and the stack 21, and is directly interposed between these parts. 22-22 are tangential dust discharge spouts leading from the periphery of the ace 10. In operation, the heavier dust collects and whirls downward to the bottom of the centrifugal unit and is discharged through the hollow legs 23, while the lighter dust whirls upward and, reaching the top of the tuyre ring, quickly expands into the still larger circular race 19. From thence it is immediately discharged through the peripheral outlets 22 and is thus got rid of, leaving only the clean gases to escape through the stack. y

In cases where the stack 2 and the vertical extension afforded by the dust catcher is suiiicient to create adequate draft the top eX- tension 3 may be omitted, in which case the purified gases reach the outer atmosphere directly from -the top of the 'centrifugal dust catcher. Y

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. A vertical duct,`in combination with a easing for receiving the gases therefrom, a centrifugal dust separating unit having an unobstructed central portion throughout the unit; positioned within said casing to in turn receive the gases from the outer parts of said unit, said unit and casing having a' substantially common top containing the gas exit opening, and saidunit being characterized by dust dischargingmeans at its bottom.

2. A vertical duct,A in combination with a casing located to receive the gases therefrom, a centrifugal dust separating unit positioned Within said casing to receive the gases from the latter, said unit and casing having a substantially common top containing the gas exit opening, and said unit being characterized 4by dust discharging means at both its bottom and its top.

3. A vertical duct, in combination ywith a casing erected thereon to receive the gases therefrom, a centrifugal dust separator within said casing to in turn receive the gases, an opening being provided for the escape of the gases at the top of said separator, said separator having a bottom, legs rising from saidstack and supporting said bottom and the upper ends of saidlegs opening downward through said bottom of the catcher for the discharge of' the dust.

4. A -vertical duct, and a casing erected to receive the gases therefrom, in combination with a centrifugal dust separator, positioned within and in turn receiving the gases from the outer parts of said casing, said casing and element having a gas outlet opening at the top, a circular dust receiving race immediately below said opening, 'and means for discharging the dust from said race.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 30th day of April A. D. 1925. CHARLES GILBERT HAWLEY. 

